Mother Language day of Bangladesh 21 February

Mother Language day of Bangladesh

Mother Language day of Bangladesh  (Bengali: ভাষা আন্দোলন দিবস Bhasha Andolôn Dibôs), additionally called State Language Day or Language Martyrs' Day (Bengali: শহীদ দিবস Shôhid Dibôs), is a national holiday of Bangladesh celebrating Bengali language development and the saints of the development on 21 February consistently. On this day, individuals visit Shaheed Minars to pay their praise to the development's saints and orchestrate classes talking about and advancing Bengali language as the state language of Bangladesh.

Foundation

After the parcel of India in 1947, Bengali-talking individuals in East Bengal, the non-adjacent eastern piece of the Dominion of Pakistan, made up 44 million of the recently shaped Dominion of Pakistan's 69 million people.[2] The Dominion of Pakistan's legislature, common administrations, and military, be that as it may, were ruled by faculty from the western wing of the Dominion of Pakistan.[3] In 1947, a key goals at national instruction summit in Karachi pushed Urdu as the sole state language, and its elite use in the media and in schools.[4][5] Opposition and fights quickly emerged. Understudies from Dhaka energized under the authority of Abul Kashem, the secretary of Tamaddun Majlish, a Bengali Islamic social association. The meeting set Bengali as an official language of the power of Pakistan and as a means of transportation of teaching in East Bengal.[6] However, the Pakistan Public Service Commission expelled Bengali from the rundown of affirmed subjects, just as from cash notes and stamps. The focal training priest Fazlur Rahman made broad arrangements to make Urdu the main state language of the Dominion of Pakistan.[7] Public shock spread, and countless Bengali understudies met on the University of Dhaka grounds on 8 December 1947 to officially request that Bengali be made an official language. To advance their motivation, Bengali understudies sorted out parades and rallies in Dhaka.The language development demonstrated these realities past questions and incited the individuals of East Bengal (later East Pakistan) to set up their particular and separate character from rest of the (west) Pakistanis.

Dissent

Parade walk hung on 21 February 1952 in Dhaka

In 1952, Bengali understudies in East Pakistan ascended and challenged the Pakistani government for pronouncing Urdu as the national language. Most of the Pakistani residents (starting at 1952), about 54% of the residents, were Bengali. In the dissent a few understudies kicked the bucket for safeguarding the Bengali language for themselves and for the people in the future.

At nine AM, understudies started assembling on the University of Dhaka premises in disobedience of Section 144. The college bad habit chancellor and different authorities were available as outfitted police encompassed the grounds. By a quarter past eleven, understudies assembled at the college entryway and endeavored to break the police line. Police discharged nerve gas shells towards the entryway to caution the students.[2] A segment of understudies ran into the Dhaka Medical College while others energized towards the college premises cordoned by the police. The bad habit chancellor requested that police quit terminating and requested the understudies to leave the territory. Be that as it may, the police captured a few understudies for damaging segment 144 as they endeavored to leave. Infuriated by the captures, the understudies met around the East Bengal Legislative Assembly and hindered the lawmakers' way, requesting that they present their request at the get together. At the point when a gathering of understudies tried to storm into the structure, police opened fire and slaughtered various understudies, including Abdus Salam, Rafiq Uddin Ahmed, Abul Barkat and Abdul Jabbar.[2][9] As the updates on the killings spread, issue emitted over the city. Shops, workplaces and open vehicle were closed down and a general strike began.[10] At the get together, six administrators including Manoranjan Dhar, Boshontokumar Das, Shamsuddin Ahmed and Dhirendranath Datta mentioned that central clergyman Nurul Amin visit injured understudies in emergency clinic and that the gathering be dismissed as an indication of mourning.[11] This movement was bolstered by a portion of the treasury seat persons including Maulana Abdur Rashid Tarkabagish, Shorfuddin Ahmed, Shamsuddin Ahmed Khondokar and Mosihuddin Ahmed.However Nurul Amin declined the solicitations.

Impacts

Constitution change

On 7 May 1954, the constituent get together settled, with the Muslim League's help, to allow official status to Bengali. Bengali was apparent as the second administrator language of Pakistan on 29 February 1956, and article 214(1) of the establishment of Pakistan was revamped to "The state language of Pakistan will be Urdu and Bengali."

Nonetheless, the military government shaped by Ayub Khan caused endeavors to re-to set up Urdu as the sole national language. On 6 January 1959, the military system gave an official explanation and reestablished the official position of supporting the 1956 constitution's arrangement of two state languages.

Autonomy of Bangladesh

In spite of the fact that the topic of legitimate languages was settled by 1956, the military system of Ayub Khan advanced the interests of West Pakistan to the detriment of East Pakistan. Regardless of shaping most of the national populace, the East Pakistani populace kept on being under-spoken to in the common and military administrations, and got a minority of state subsidizing and other government help. This was essentially because of absence of delegate government in the youngster state. Basically because of territorial financial uneven characters sectional divisions developed, and support for the Bengali ethnic patriot Awami League, which conjured the 6-point development for more prominent common independence. One interest was that East Pakistan be called Bangladesh (Land/Country of Bengal), which along these lines prompted the Bangladesh Liberation War.[3]

Recognition

To recognize this development, Shaheed Minar, a grave and representative figure, was raised in the spot of the slaughter.

Following the arrangement of neighborhood government by the United Front in April 1954, the commemoration of 21 February was announced a holiday.[1] The day is respected in Bangladesh where it is an open holiday and, to a to some degree lesser degree, in West Bengal as the Martyrs' Day.

UNESCO chose to watch 21 February as International Mother Language Day. The UNESCO General Conference produced the choice that took results on 17 November 1999, when it collectively embraced a draft goals put together by Bangladesh and co-supported and bolstered by 28 different nations.